diff --git a/tenant-service/src/main/java/com/xuqm/tenant/service/SystemUpdateService.java b/tenant-service/src/main/java/com/xuqm/tenant/service/SystemUpdateService.java
index ee2c9b9..d59147e 100644
--- a/tenant-service/src/main/java/com/xuqm/tenant/service/SystemUpdateService.java
+++ b/tenant-service/src/main/java/com/xuqm/tenant/service/SystemUpdateService.java
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
 import java.io.BufferedReader;
 import java.io.InputStreamReader;
 import java.util.List;
-import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
 import java.util.function.Consumer;
 
 @Service
@@ -47,20 +46,58 @@ public class SystemUpdateService {
             }
         }
 
-        emit.accept(">>> 即将重启 tenant-service，连接将短暂中断...");
-        emit.accept("RESTART_SELF");
+        // tenant-service 自身的重建：不能直接用 docker-compose，因为一旦发出 stop 指令，
+        // 当前容器（含 docker-compose 进程）会立即被杀死，后续的 rm/create/start 步骤不会执行。
+        // 解决方案：先用 docker run -d 启动一个独立助手容器，它不依附于 tenant-service，
+        // 能在 tenant-service 停止后继续完成重建。
+        emit.accept(">>> 启动自更新助手容器...");
+        String registry = System.getenv().getOrDefault("REGISTRY", "");
+        String imageTag = System.getenv().getOrDefault("IMAGE_TAG", "latest");
+        String selfImage = registry.isEmpty() ? "alpine" : (registry + "/tenant-service:" + imageTag);
+        boolean helperStarted = spawnSelfUpdater(composeFile, selfImage);
 
-        // 延迟 3 秒后重启自身，确保 SSE 事件已发送到客户端
-        CompletableFuture.runAsync(() -> {
-            try {
-                Thread.sleep(3000);
-                exec(msg -> log.info("[self-restart] {}", msg),
-                        "docker-compose", "-f", composeFile, "-p", "xuqm",
-                        "up", "-d", "--no-deps", "--force-recreate", "tenant-service");
-            } catch (Exception e) {
-                log.error("self-restart failed", e);
-            }
-        });
+        if (helperStarted) {
+            emit.accept(">>> 助手容器已就绪，tenant-service 即将重建（连接将短暂中断）...");
+            emit.accept("RESTART_SELF");
+        } else {
+            emit.accept(">>> [警告] 助手容器启动失败，请手动执行：");
+            emit.accept(">>>   docker-compose -f " + composeFile + " -p xuqm up -d --no-deps --force-recreate tenant-service");
+            emit.accept("DONE");
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 启动一个独立的 detached 容器，在 tenant-service 被停止后重建它。
+     * 助手容器与 tenant-service 无父子关系，不会随 tenant-service 终止。
+     */
+    private boolean spawnSelfUpdater(String composeFile, String image) {
+        try {
+            // 清理上次残留（若有）
+            new ProcessBuilder("docker", "rm", "-f", "xuqm-self-updater")
+                    .redirectErrorStream(true).start().waitFor();
+
+            // 等待 8 秒确保 tenant-service 已完全停止，然后执行 force-recreate
+            String shellCmd = "sleep 8 && docker-compose -f " + composeFile
+                    + " -p xuqm up -d --no-deps --force-recreate tenant-service";
+
+            Process p = new ProcessBuilder(
+                    "docker", "run", "-d", "--rm",
+                    "--name", "xuqm-self-updater",
+                    "-v", "/var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock",
+                    "-v", deployRoot + ":" + deployRoot,
+                    "--entrypoint", "sh",
+                    image,
+                    "-c", shellCmd
+            ).redirectErrorStream(true).start();
+
+            String out = new String(p.getInputStream().readAllBytes()).trim();
+            int code = p.waitFor();
+            log.info("self-updater spawn: code={} containerId={}", code, out);
+            return code == 0;
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            log.error("failed to spawn self-updater", e);
+            return false;
+        }
     }
 
     private boolean isRunning(String service) {